Options Strategies: Long Call Spread

Options Strategies: Long Call Spread

Option Strategies
Peter Siks

Summary:  With a long call spread, you can anticipate a rise in the underlying value with a smaller investment than a single call option. While profits are capped, they can still be very attractive in percentage terms.


What is it?

A purchased call option gives the right to buy an underlying asset (a share, for example) for a certain amount. When you write a call, you enter into a delivery obligation at a certain price.

These two trades can be combined, by buying a call (and getting a right) and at the same time selling a call with a higher strike price (which entails a delivery obligation). This is widely used and called a long call spread.

Why would you want to buy this?

Suppose you expect a certain stock to rise but not indefinitely. The expected increase is a reason to buy a call, but why not take on a delivery obligation at a higher level? After all, you do not expect the share to rise to unprecedented highs. And you get money for the commitment you make.

Spreads have a maturity and this can vary from a few days to a few years. What you also want to know in advance is the price at which you can buy the share and for which you may have to deliver. These are called the strike prices of the option.

Example:

Let's take a look at Apple  stock. The share is currently trading at $145. You expect the share to rise towards $170 and you would like to take advantage of that. You decide to do this by buying the 160-170 call spread.

You buy the call APPL 160 call for $5.20

You sell the call APPL 170 call for $2.99

Example of a profit/loss chart of a long call spread from SaxoTraderGo

On balance you pay $2.21 and if your expectations come true – the share to $170 – the purchase right on $170 must be worth at least $25 and the delivery obligation is then worth $15. On balance, the spread will then increase to $10. You can easily determine this yourself by checking what your position actually is. You may buy at $160, but you must deliver at $170. The difference between them is $10 and that is also the maximum value of the spread.

But you only paid $2.21 for this and you therefore make a great return if you had seen it correctly.

When are you happy with this spread?

If the share goes above $160. You have the right to buy at $160 and you may have to deliver at $170 and you paid €2.21 for that. You will therefore make a profit from $162.21 and above. An increase to above $170 is of course optimal, because then the call spread will reach its maximum value of $10.

When are you not happy?

If the stock goes down because then both options become worthless. Because who has money left over on the third Friday of the month to purchase a purchase right at $160 if the share is for sale on the stock exchange for $140. Exactly, nobody.

When do you buy a call spread?

You buy a call spread if you think the underlying asset will rise in the coming period. You buy a call spread because the investment is smaller than just buying the call. You also sell a call and that reduces the investment. The disadvantage of this is that you maximize the chances of winning

When will you sell the purchased call spread?

You know that the maximum value of the call spread is $10. The spread will reach this value if the stock is above $170 on the expiry day. But you may well be satisfied if your investment rises to $5 This is personal but perhaps the following rule of thumb can help you. Sell the spread when it trades at about 80% of its maximum value. In the case of the spread, that would mean buying the spread at $2.21 which can be worth up to $10. 80% of $10 is $8 and that would mean that if you can sell the spread at $8 you have almost made a very healthy return

What is your maximum risk?

The risk you run when buying the call spread is the premium you have paid. That is your maximum loss and will occur if the stock remains below the strike price of the call option you bought. But you can never lose more than the option premium you paid.

In short

You buy a call spread if you think the underlying asset is going to rise. You know that call spreads are for sale with different maturities and you choose a maturity in which the expected increase can also take place.

You will make a great return if the expected increase actually takes place. Returns of more than 100% are then very possible.

Your maximum risk is also known in advance and that is the price you paid for the call spread. That is the maximum amount you can lose.

Quarterly Outlook

01 /

  • Fixed Income Outlook: Bonds Hit Reset. A New Equilibrium Emerges

    Quarterly Outlook

    Fixed Income Outlook: Bonds Hit Reset. A New Equilibrium Emerges

    Althea Spinozzi

    Head of Fixed Income Strategy

  • Equity Outlook: Will lower rates lift all boats in equities?

    Quarterly Outlook

    Equity Outlook: Will lower rates lift all boats in equities?

    Peter Garnry

    Chief Investment Strategist

    After a period of historically high equity index concentration driven by the 'Magnificent Seven' sto...
  • FX Outlook: USD in limbo amid political and policy jitters

    Quarterly Outlook

    FX Outlook: USD in limbo amid political and policy jitters

    Charu Chanana

    Chief Investment Strategist

    As we enter the final quarter of 2024, currency markets are set for heightened turbulence due to US ...
  • Macro Outlook: The US rate cut cycle has begun

    Quarterly Outlook

    Macro Outlook: The US rate cut cycle has begun

    Peter Garnry

    Chief Investment Strategist

    The Fed started the US rate cut cycle in Q3 and in this macro outlook we will explore how the rate c...
  • Commodity Outlook: Gold and silver continue to shine bright

    Quarterly Outlook

    Commodity Outlook: Gold and silver continue to shine bright

    Ole Hansen

    Head of Commodity Strategy

  • FX: Risk-on currencies to surge against havens

    Quarterly Outlook

    FX: Risk-on currencies to surge against havens

    Charu Chanana

    Chief Investment Strategist

    Explore the outlook for USD, AUD, NZD, and EM carry trades as risk-on currencies are set to outperfo...
  • Equities: Are we blowing bubbles again

    Quarterly Outlook

    Equities: Are we blowing bubbles again

    Peter Garnry

    Chief Investment Strategist

    Explore key trends and opportunities in European equities and electrification theme as market dynami...
  • Macro: Sandcastle economics

    Quarterly Outlook

    Macro: Sandcastle economics

    Peter Garnry

    Chief Investment Strategist

    Explore the "two-lane economy," European equities, energy commodities, and the impact of US fiscal p...
  • Bonds: What to do until inflation stabilises

    Quarterly Outlook

    Bonds: What to do until inflation stabilises

    Althea Spinozzi

    Head of Fixed Income Strategy

    Discover strategies for managing bonds as US and European yields remain rangebound due to uncertain ...
  • Commodities: Energy and grains in focus as metals pause

    Quarterly Outlook

    Commodities: Energy and grains in focus as metals pause

    Ole Hansen

    Head of Commodity Strategy

    Energy and grains to shine as metals pause. Discover key trends and market drivers for commodities i...

Disclaimer

The Saxo Bank Group entities each provide execution-only service and access to Analysis permitting a person to view and/or use content available on or via the website. This content is not intended to and does not change or expand on the execution-only service. Such access and use are at all times subject to (i) The Terms of Use; (ii) Full Disclaimer; (iii) The Risk Warning; (iv) the Rules of Engagement and (v) Notices applying to Saxo News & Research and/or its content in addition (where relevant) to the terms governing the use of hyperlinks on the website of a member of the Saxo Bank Group by which access to Saxo News & Research is gained. Such content is therefore provided as no more than information. In particular no advice is intended to be provided or to be relied on as provided nor endorsed by any Saxo Bank Group entity; nor is it to be construed as solicitation or an incentive provided to subscribe for or sell or purchase any financial instrument. All trading or investments you make must be pursuant to your own unprompted and informed self-directed decision. As such no Saxo Bank Group entity will have or be liable for any losses that you may sustain as a result of any investment decision made in reliance on information which is available on Saxo News & Research or as a result of the use of the Saxo News & Research. Orders given and trades effected are deemed intended to be given or effected for the account of the customer with the Saxo Bank Group entity operating in the jurisdiction in which the customer resides and/or with whom the customer opened and maintains his/her trading account. Saxo News & Research does not contain (and should not be construed as containing) financial, investment, tax or trading advice or advice of any sort offered, recommended or endorsed by Saxo Bank Group and should not be construed as a record of our trading prices, or as an offer, incentive or solicitation for the subscription, sale or purchase in any financial instrument. To the extent that any content is construed as investment research, you must note and accept that the content was not intended to and has not been prepared in accordance with legal requirements designed to promote the independence of investment research and as such, would be considered as a marketing communication under relevant laws.

Please read our disclaimers:
Notification on Non-Independent Investment Research (https://www.home.saxo/legal/niird/notification)
Full disclaimer (https://www.home.saxo/legal/disclaimer/saxo-disclaimer)

Saxo Bank (Schweiz) AG
The Circle 38
CH-8058
Zürich-Flughafen
Switzerland

Contact Saxo

Select region

Switzerland
Switzerland

All trading carries risk. Losses can exceed deposits on margin products. You should consider whether you understand how our products work and whether you can afford to take the high risk of losing your money. To help you understand the risks involved we have put together a general Risk Warning series of Key Information Documents (KIDs) highlighting the risks and rewards related to each product. The KIDs can be accessed within the trading platform. Please note that the full prospectus can be obtained free of charge from Saxo Bank (Switzerland) Ltd. or the issuer.

This website can be accessed worldwide however the information on the website is related to Saxo Bank (Switzerland) Ltd. All clients will directly engage with Saxo Bank (Switzerland) Ltd. and all client agreements will be entered into with Saxo Bank (Switzerland) Ltd. and thus governed by Swiss Law. 

The content of this website represents marketing material and has not been notified or submitted to any supervisory authority.

If you contact Saxo Bank (Switzerland) Ltd. or visit this website, you acknowledge and agree that any data that you transmit to Saxo Bank (Switzerland) Ltd., either through this website, by telephone or by any other means of communication (e.g. e-mail), may be collected or recorded and transferred to other Saxo Bank Group companies or third parties in Switzerland or abroad and may be stored or otherwise processed by them or Saxo Bank (Switzerland) Ltd. You release Saxo Bank (Switzerland) Ltd. from its obligations under Swiss banking and securities dealer secrecies and, to the extent permitted by law, data protection laws as well as other laws and obligations to protect privacy. Saxo Bank (Switzerland) Ltd. has implemented appropriate technical and organizational measures to protect data from unauthorized processing and disclosure and applies appropriate safeguards to guarantee adequate protection of such data.

Apple, iPad and iPhone are trademarks of Apple Inc., registered in the U.S. and other countries. App Store is a service mark of Apple Inc.