Quarterly Outlook
Macro Outlook: The US rate cut cycle has begun
Peter Garnry
Chief Investment Strategist
Head of Commodity Strategy
Flows were unexpectedly mixed during a week when the USD surged over 2%, driven by investor concerns about impending tariffs, trade wars, and rising bond yields. These factors forced a recalibration of US rate cut expectations, boosting the greenback amid widening interest rate differentials.
The hardest-hit currencies were the euro and the Mexican peso, both losing around 2.8%. Despite the USD’s strength, speculative positioning showed mixed responses. Remarkably, the gross USD long versus eight IMM futures remained unchanged at USD 17.5 billion, potentially highlighting a cautious market stance on further USD gains after the broad-focused Bloomberg Dollar Index reached a two-year high.
This stability stemmed from speculators covering short positions in the euro and sterling, reducing overall short exposure by USD 1.9 billion and USD 0.9 billion, respectively. Conversely, most of the net selling pressure focused on the Japanese yen and the Canadian dollar. Notably, the Dollar Index flipped to a net short position of 2,322 contracts—a level not seen since March 2021—highlighting the mentioned caution.
In the latest reporting week, the Bloomberg Commodity Index lost 2.2%, with precious and industrial metals experiencing the largest losses. These were driven by a 2.1% gain in the USD and concerns about the impact of a trade war with tariffs on demand for key industrial metals, particularly in China. Growth concerns, ample supply, and dollar strength led to crude and fuel product weakness—albeit to a much lesser degree than metals—while natural gas rallied strongly due to increased demand and falling production. The agriculture sector traded mixed, with a small loss in grains offset by continued demand for softs and livestock.
Managed money accounts, from hedge funds to CTAs, responded to these developments by becoming relatively aggressive sellers of metals, led by gold, silver, and copper. This was primarily driven by long liquidation, while increased short selling contributed to a reduction in WTI and Brent crude oil net longs. Grains saw a five-fold increase in the corn long, wheat selling accelerated, and a rotation continued between out-of-favour soymeal and in-demand soy oil. Strong cocoa and coffee gains supported the accumulation of fresh longs, while net longs across all three livestock contracts reached new one-year highs.
The COT reports are issued by the U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) and the ICE Exchange Europe for Brent crude oil and gas oil. They are released every Friday after the U.S. close with data from the week ending the previous Tuesday. They break down the open interest in futures markets into different groups of users depending on the asset class.
Commodities: Producer/Merchant/Processor/User, Swap dealers, Managed Money and other
Financials: Dealer/Intermediary; Asset Manager/Institutional; Leveraged Funds and other
Forex: A broad breakdown between commercial and non-commercial (speculators)
The main reasons why we focus primarily on the behavior of speculators, such as hedge funds and trend-following CTA's are:
Do note that this group tends to anticipate, accelerate, and amplify price changes that have been set in motion by fundamentals. Being followers of momentum, this strategy often sees this group of traders buy into strength and sell into weakness, meaning that they are often found holding the biggest long near the peak of a cycle or the biggest short position ahead of a through in the market.
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